FORMULATION OF AN ETHANOL FRACTION LOTION FROM KETAPANG LEAVES (Terminalia catappa L.) WITH VARYING LEVELS OF CETYL ALCOHOL AS A STIFFENING AGENT
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Abstract
Excessive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can cause various skin disorders such as erythema, premature aging, hyperpigmentation, and skin cancer. The use of sunscreen is one of the preventive measures against skin damage caused by UV radiation. Indian almond leaves (Terminalia catappa Linn.) contain flavonoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds with antioxidant and photoprotective potential. This study aimed to formulate lotion from ethanol fraction of Indian almond leaves with varying concentrations of cetyl alcohol as a stiffening agent and evaluate its physical characteristics. The research method used an experimental design with three different formulas: Formula I (3% cetyl alcohol), Formula II (4%), and Formula III (5%). Evaluation included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, viscosity, and spreadability tests. The results showed all three formulas were homogeneous with cream color, lemon aroma, semi-solid texture, and pH 7. Kruskal-Wallis test showed significant viscosity differences (p=0.026) with values of FI (3,833 cPs), FII (22,083 cPs), and FIII (39,750 cPs). ANOVA test showed significant spreadability differences (p=0.000) with values of FI (6.67 cm), FII (5.95 cm), and FIII (5.36 cm). All three formulas met the topical preparation spreadability requirements (5-7 cm). It can be concluded that variations in cetyl alcohol concentration significantly affect the viscosity and spreadability of ethanol fraction lotion from Indian almond leaves.
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